Essay on Revenge in The Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan...

Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most celebrated literary authors of all time, known for writing very suspenseful, dramatic short stories and a poet; is considered as being a part of the American Romantic Movement, and a lesser known opinion is he is regarded as the inventor of the detective-fiction genre. Most recognized for his mystery and macabre, a journey into the dark, ghastly stories of death, deception and revenge is what makes up his reputation. The short story under analysis is a part of his latter works; â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, a story of revenge takes readers into the mind of the murderer. With a premeditated motive to commit such an act, the culprit, Montressor, thinks, constructs and orchestrates a presumed murder against†¦show more content†¦For example, when Fortunato says he will not die of a cough, Montresor knowingly replies, â€Å"True, true.† When Fortunato drinks a toast to the dead lying in the catacombs around them, Montresor ironic ally drinks to Fortunatos long life. When Fortunato makes a gesture indicating that he is a member of the secret society of Masons, Montresor claims that he is also and proves it by revealing a trowel, the sign of his plot to wall up Fortunato.†(May) Montresor offers De Grave, a wine, to Fortunato; at one point, Fortunato makes an elaborate and —to the narrators eyes —grotesque gesture with an upraised wine bottle. When Montresor appears not to recognize the gesture, Fortunato asks, You are not of the masons? Montresor says he is, and when Fortunato, disbelieving, requests a sign, Montresor displays a trowel he had been hiding. This story sells the motto â€Å"a sucker is born every minute†, as clearly seen through the duration of the story when Montressor baits his fellow nobleman into going to inspect the authenticity of some wine he apparently has. When told that he was off the seek consultation from another competing wine conissouer, Fortunado eagerly accepts the mans offer to inspect the bottle of wine in his cellar. Montressor conveys his compassion for his clown when he comments about Fortunados cough that he has,Show MoreRelated##arison Of Revenge In The Cask Of Amontillado And A Poison Tree By Edgar Allan Poe1239 Words   |  5 PagesThe deranged but brilliant Edgar Allan Poe once said â€Å"The scariest monsters are the ones that lurk within our souls...† His ideas were found in both â€Å"The Cask Of Amontillado† by Poe, and â€Å"A Poison Tree† by William Blake. In both pieces the authors write about how revenge can create this insane creature within that will only settle for betrayal and destruction. For example, the speakers in both features are wronged by someone and their way of handling it is deceitful murder. The killers on the outsideRead MoreMontresors Unsuccessful Revenge: Subtle Irony in Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe1954 Words   |  8 Pagesliterary career, Edgar Allan Poe applie d irony to his stories. By doing this, his disturbing and odd tales became stories of mental and psychological twists and terror that trouble readers. Poe uses irony in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† to increase mental tension by making the murderer in the story confess the crime that he so carefully planned. The man goes mad by fault of his own conscious and if he had not confessed, the murder would have been a success. Just as in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, Poe utilizesRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe, Jr.1070 Words   |  5 PagesThe author, Edgar Allan Poe, was born on January 19, 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts to traveling actors David Poe, Jr. and Elizabeth Arnold Hopkins Poe. He was the second child of three children or otherwise stated as the middle child. His older brother, William Henry Leonard Poe also became a poet and his younger sister, Rosalie Poe taught penmanship at Richmond girls’ school. In 1810, Edgar’s father David Poe Jr. left the family, leaving them in poverty. His mother, Elizabeth Hopkins Poe died of pulmonaryRead More Edgar Allan Poes, The Cask of Amontillado as a Description of Poes Life791 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allan Poes, The Cask of Amontillado as a Description of Poes Life The cast of Amontillado was written by Allan Poe at a time when he felt he was being unjustly attacked. Most critics believe that the cask of Amontillado was written by Poe against his critics in the Mirror. I believe the cask of Amontillado is a story of Revenge and Hatred against some friends whom be believed had wrongfully accused him. A review of Allan Poe as a person and his experiences in life is essential a clearRead MoreThe Oval Portrait By Edgar Allan Poe1490 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar Allan Poe’s Short Stories Edgar Allan Poe is a much known author. He is known for writing dark and mysterious stories and poems. â€Å"His imaginative storytelling led to literary innovations, earning him the nickname Father of the Detective Story (Edgar Allan Poe Biography.com). When writing stories he wanted the readers to have that one emotion or feeling when reading his writing. Poe has very many stories he is known for two of those short stories being; â€Å"The Oval Portrait† and â€Å"The Cask ofRead MoreEdgar Allan Poes The Cask of the Amontillado Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesSomething Unexpected Poe has written a several different stories relating to being buried alive, â€Å"The Premature Burial† and â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† being the most popular. Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"was one of the seminal American poets and short story writers of the nineteenth century† he was an influencer for writers like Charles Baudelaire and Jules Verne. Poe lost both of his parents as a child and was raised with a foster family and lost his foster mom early, too. He lost many of his loved onesRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado and Hills Like White Elephants577 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe amp; â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† by Ernest Hemmingway Analysis of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe Abstract â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe, is a short story about a man named Montessor who gets revenge on one of his â€Å"friends† named Fortunado by trapping him and burying him alive. Treatment Setting: Two kinds Plot: Man gets revenge on his â€Å"friend† Characters: Montresor, Fortunado, Montresor’s familyRead MoreFor the Love of God, Poe! Essay1359 Words   |  6 PagesIt is not at all surprising that so many of Edgar Allan Poe’s works explore such themes as death, eyes, the power of the dead over the power of the living, retribution, the human conscience, and especially death and murder. From his disturbingly morbid short story â€Å"The Telltale Heart† to the mysteriously supernatural poem â€Å"The Raven†, Poe’s tales are a direct byproduct of the mayhem experienced in his life, as well as his (arguably) psychologically-tormented mind. Though all of this author’s piecesRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Cask Of Amontillado 945 Words   |  4 Pages3, 2014 Revenge and Irony A friendship is based on trust, but do we truly know anyone in the way we think? In â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe, a man named Fortunato is about to find out what kind of ‘friend’ Montresor really is. Montresor shows himself to be friendly with Fortunato, but deep down he feels nothing but hate for him. In different ways, both of these men are proud and appear upper class, yet both have faults which will be there undoing. Edgar Allan Poe uses languageRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe888 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe In ?The Cask of Amontillado?, Edgar Allan Poe takes us on a trip into the mind of a mad man. Poe uses certain elements to convey an emotional impact. He utilizes irony, descriptive detail of setting, and dark character traits to create the search of sinful deceit. Poe also uses first person, where the narrator is the protagonist who is deeply involved. The purpose is to get the reader to no longer be the observer. He wants them to see with Montressor

The Women s Rights Movement - 2025 Words

Historically speaking, women have never come before men; nor have we ever been considered as having more value to society than men. According to the Bible , Eve did not come into existence before Adam; she came from within him. She was made to be his companion through life, not his competitor. Until the twentieth century Women’s Rights Movement, women were rarely viewed as being in a position of power equivalent to that of a man. Their intelligence was also constantly under review, which left their opinions unaccounted for and lacking social merit. However, the depictions of the early modern French women by Suzannah Lipscomb, Leslie Tuttle, and Robert .I. Kalas beg to differ. Unafraid to venture outside the confines of a male-centered society, these women blurred gender and class lines in the pursuit of justice. With this essay, I hope to restablish the necessity of women, and their importance to the history of early modern France. From community influence and presence during one of France’s most volatile periods to the trial and error faced under male governance, early French modern women were not just seen; they were also heard. Using evidence she unearthed from cases found in the consistorial registers of the Reformed churches of southern France, and also with supporting works from other historians in the field, Suzannah Lipscomb’s essay â€Å"Crossing Boundaries: women’s gossip, insults, and violence in sixteenth century France†, summarized the early French modern womanShow MoreRelatedThe Women s Rights Movement702 Words   |  3 Pagesthat the women’s rights movement in the United States failed to accomplish its goals in the early –mid 19th century because the slavery issue was never resolved is unfounded. In the early-mid 19th century, women began to demand change in American society, as they challenged the traditional roles of women politically, socially, and economically. - political, social, and economic change {Challenged the traditional views of women - pushed the boundaries – public sphere/life of women changed dramaticallyRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement874 Words   |  4 Pages1848 to 1920, the women’s rights movement demonstrated the first true act of feminism, founded by a group of women rights activists to combat against women’s suffrage in the United States. By the 1960’s radical feminists also known as the woman’s liberation movement once again took up the fight for equality amongst men and woman, yet by the late 1990’s early 2000’s it had begun to change, losing its primary focus of fighting for a woman’s right, and becoming a burden on women today. The blowback fromRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1659 Words   |  7 Pagesmen and women, the women’s rights movement in Pakistan has just begun. People are starting to protest against discriminations that women face in their daily lives that disable them from having a voice in society. Some of these discriminations involve men being able to divorce their wives without her consent, women’s voices having half the weight of a man’s in court, and female heirs inheriting less money or property than a male heir (â€Å"Sharia†, 9). Groups like the Pakistani Women’s Rights OrganizationRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement Essay987 Words   |  4 Pagesthat occurs is that women were never given the opportunity to voice their opinion on what kind of job that they should do. In addition, voting at this point of time for women was quite impractical. The wartime was a difficult time for women who wanted to capitalize on an opportunity. They wanted a job to prove to men that they are much stronger. However, there was hope when the U.S. woman’s rights movement began. A woman by the name of Elizabeth Cady Stanton started the movement at Seneca Falls, NewRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1366 Words   |  6 PagesW omen’s Rights Movement The equality women have today did not just happen over night.In this passage there will be evidence of an impowering fight that women over came to say WE ARE IMPORTANT TO!! All the brave strong women that fought this battle, along with the obstacles women still face today.Also the surprising fact that women’s rights also consists of racism and sexual orientation.This movement was necessary, and is truly an accomplishment in history. The first outbreak of confidentRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1091 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican history, women have constantly been suppressed. It was believed overall that women were not supposed to work, but to stay home, cook, clean, make clothes, and take care of the child(ren). Basically, a woman was considered her husband’s property. It was not until 1920s that women were finally able to get the rights they deserve, such as birth control, new divorce laws, and ultimately the right to vote, which was the main focus of the Women’s Rights Movement. This movement consisted of manyRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1547 Words   |  7 PagesFlorida SouthWestern State College The Women’s Rights Movement What was the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention on the Women’s Rights Movement? Jennifer Flores AMH2010 Mr. Stehlin 16 November 2015 The Women’s Rights Movement began in 1848 with the first assembly of women and men gathering to discuss the civil, social, and other conditions of women. The Seneca Falls Convention was the start of the women’s movement. The two women who organized this event were Lucretia Mott andRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1420 Words   |  6 Pageswomen’s rights movement in the United States in the early –mid 19th century did not fail to accomplish its goals, as slavery was not an issue women wanted to resolve (address?) In the early-mid 19th century, some women began to demand change in American society (as they challenged the traditional roles of women politically, socially, and economically?) -political, social, and economic change {challenged the traditional views of women - pushed the boundaries – public sphere/life of women changedRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1620 Words   |  7 Pageshas improved over the last several years in the broader culture and by police, self-blame and shame has persisted among victims, leaving them just as unwilling to come forward.†(Gray. para. 10) The women’s rights movement is still going strong, and there have been major accomplishments for women within the last several decades. In 1968, the fair housing act made it no longer possible for a woman to be turned down by a landlord based solely on her being female. In 1986, the legal definition of ‘sexualRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement881 Words   |  4 PagesThe Women’s Rights Movement, 1848–1920 1. â€Å"The first gathering devoted to women’s rights in the United States was held July 19–20, 1848, in Seneca Falls, New York.† 2. Principal organizers : Elizabeth Cady Stanton (a mother of four, the Quaker, abolitionist ) 3. Social and institutional barriers that limited women’s rights: family responsibilities, a lack of educational and economic opportunities, and the absence of a voice in political debates. 4. Stanton and Anthony created the National Woman

Marketing of Fiat Company Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing planning of Fiat Company. Answer: Introduction Marketingplanning involves deciding on themarketing strategies that the firm will use to help it to attain its overall strategic objectives (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010). Through strategic planning, the firm is in a better position to decide what it wants to do with each business strategy so that overall goals and objectives are achieved in its operations. The business will be able to launch a new product or build sales for the existing product. As such, this marketing plan outlines the strategies that can be adopted by Fiat, an Italian automobile manufacturer operating in Brazil. The marketing plan covers the following aspects: marketing analysis, competitive analysis, brand analysis, objectives and goals as well as marketing mix analysis. This plan outlines the steps that can be taken by the company in order to increase its car sales in Brazil. Marketing/Industry Analysis The major notable aspect about the automobile industry in Brazil is that the market is significantly growing as the customers now have access to loans from different financial institutions in order to buy cars (The Brazil Business, 2017). The car market is a growing sector in Brazil, as credit has become more available for consumers who want to buy a car. This makes Brazil the 4th best-selling car nation and this has influenced different companies to bring their products to the country. The market is attractive for the automobile manufacturers since it is comprised by quite a number of potential customers who can buy the vehicles offered by Fiat in this particular case. The other aspect about the automobile industry in Brazil is that it heavily relies on imports despite the fact that it has the largest industry in Latin America (The Brazil Business, 2017). On the other hand, it can also be noted that the cars in Brazil are generally expensive compared to North America and this has an impact on the buying potential of the customers. On top of this, the automobile industry in Brazil has been affected by poor performance of the economy. For instance, in 2015, the sales of cars, buses, heavy and light trucks were 2,570,000 units and this represented a decline of 26.7% as compared to the previous year 2014 (The International Trade Association (2016). This trend is likely to continue like that which calls for holistic measures by Fiat Company to boost its car sales. This can be achieved through continuous research about the needs and interests of the consumers so that the company can design its brand in such a way that it can appeal to the interests of many people. The company can customize its vehicles such that they can satisfy the needs of the customers. It is also important for the company to conduct research about the operations of the other competitors so that it can implement better strategies that gives it competitive advantage over them. It is important for the company to be proactive by scanning the environment and making contingent plans that can be implemented in case change is required in its operations. The environment in which Fiat operates is dynamic hence the need for Fiat to constantly improve its operations so that it keeps pace with all the changes that may take place within it. Competitive Analysis Fiat is the best-selling automobile brand in Brazil since the company records high sales volumes annually (The Brazil Business, 2017). This simply means that the company does not operate in isolation since there are other actors in the automobile industry. In order to plan effective marketing strategies, it is imperative for the firm to find out what it can do about its competitors so that it can gain competitive advantage over them (Strydom, 2006). The automobile industry in Brazil is comprised of more than 20 competitors and some of them include the following: Chevrolet, Hyundai, Toyota, Ford, Nissan, Renault, BMW as well as Mercedes Benz among other top automobile brands (The Brazil Business, 2017). Identifying the firms competitors is very important since it helps the firm to have knowledge about other actors in the automobile industry. This stage should never be taken for granted since it gives the company some form of guidance in formulating its business strategies that can hel p it to gain competitive advantage. The next stage in conducting competitor analysis is that company should then put measures in place that enables it to assess the objectives, strategies, strengths and weaknesses of the competitors as well as the reaction patterns (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010). The marketing managers at Fiat Company need to gain understanding of their competitors objectives as well as philosophy of doing business so that they can anticipate their reaction to different changes that can take place in the environment in which it operates. The other issue that should be taken into consideration by Fiat Company is that it should gather as much information as possible about the weaknesses and strengths of the competitors so that it can formulate strategies that give it competitive edge over them. It is also important for the company to select the companies to attack using the knowledge about their weaknesses as well as strengths. The company can also consider the strategy of offering vehicles that save fuels and that are also environmental friendly. This is likely to boost its sales since the vehicles offered will appeal to the interests of many people. The other plan that should be adopted by fiat is to review the price of its vehicles downwards so that it can be in a position to attract many buyers. This strategy is known as overall cost leadership where the company strives to achieve lower production and distribution costs which ultimately lead to lower prices of the final products offered in the market (Cant, 2007). The other strategy that should be adopted by Fiat Company pertains to product leadership where it strives to provide superior value by offering continuous stream of leading edge products and services (Kotler and Keller, 2006). The marketing leaders should also be open to new ideas and work towards new solutions so as to be in a better position to attract many customers as well as to create loy alty among the already existing consumers. These strategies help the company to gain a large market share. Customer Analysis Fiat offers different types of vehicles including small cars, light and heavy trucks to different customers in the market. However, it can be seen that there are quite a number of attributes that are sought by the customers when they make decisions to purchase the different types of vehicles offered by the firm. The following plans should be considered by Fiat Company in its operations so that it can gain a large market share. According to Cant (2006), the customers are attracted to the product by various attributes hence the need to conduct what is termed customer value analysis in order for the marketers to gain understanding of what the consumers really want. This type of analysis focuses on what benefits the target customers value and how they rate the relative value of various competitors offers (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010). In this case, Fiat Company should continuously identify the values that are of interest to the targeted customers so that it can be able to modify them in such a way that they continue to attract them. Consistency in upholding customer value will significantly help the company to create loyalty among the consumers. The other issue is that the company should put measures in place that enables it to assess the performance of the competitors on the identified attributes that are valued by the consumers. In this case, the company should focus on attributes such as efficiency as well a s environmental friendliness of the cars offered to different customers since these are more valued by the customers than any other factors. In order to carefully analyse the customer base, it is essential for Fiat Company to conduct market segmentation on the basis of different factors. Basically, market segmentation involves the division of customers on the basis of their interests towards a particular product or service (Cant, 2007). The company should target the customers on the basis of their level of income since it has been observed that Brazils economic performance has a bearing on their buying behaviour of different cars. The company should focus on selling small cars that are efficient and environmental friendly since these are easy to maintain. It is also important to take into consideration the factors such as benefits that are likely to be obtained by the customers from purchasing the vehicles offered by the company. When the marketers know the customer preferences, they are then in a position to design their marketing strategies in such a way that they will appeal to the interests of many people. Brand Analysis A brand is a term or symbol that identifies the product or services of the seller and differentiates them from those of the competitors (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010). In most cases, the consumers view a brand as the most important part of the product and it helps to give value to it. The other element is that branding helps the customers to identify with the product and they expect to get the features what they desire from it. For instance, Fiat brand is comprised of different vehicles such as Punto as well as Fiat 500e, X and L series. This brand stands for legacy and discovery and it also helps people to be in charge of their own destiny (Fiat, 2017). Therefore, effort should be made to ensure that the brand is constantly improved in order to give the consumers maximum satisfaction from using. Engine performance should be constantly improved as the consumers seek to define their destiny through the use of this brand. The company should also ensure that brand visibility is enhanced through constant improvement of various design features of the vehicles offered to different clients. The vehicle should look attractive to the potential buyers so that they can make informed decisions to purchase it. The marketers should conduct research in order to gather the views of the customers so that they can relay them to the manufacturers for consideration when they produce other vehicles. This will help the company to improve the appearance of the vehicles and they are likely to be appreciated by many people which will help it to generate more sales. In the long run, the company will be able to gain large market share over the other competitors in the automobile industry. The company should also utilise effective advertising to enhance brand visibility so that many customers can gain awareness of its existence. Whilst it is important for the company to use conventional forms of advertising such as print and electronic media, it is important for it to harness the use of outdoor advertising since this enhances brand visibility. The company should use billboards that are erected along major highways in the country as well as other busy and strategic locations like garages to increase Fiats brand visibility to different potential customers. This significantly helps the customers to identify with the brand and they are constantly reminded about it as they always see it in different places while performing other errands. Objective and Goals Objectives and goals are usually set in order to determine what the company really wants to achieve in its operations (Strydom, 2006). As such, Fiat should put measures in place in order to achieve certain objectives that can help it to gain a large market share against the background of many competitors operating in the same industry. Thus, the major objective is for the company to increase its sales of motor vehicles to different customers. For instance, the total sales of vehicles by all automobile marketers in Brazil represented a decline of 26.7% as compared to the previous year 2014 (The International Trade Association (2016). This implies that Fiats sales were also not spared from this negative development in the market. As such, it should put measures in place to increase the sales of its vehicles by about 19 % in order to offset the negative sales that have been witnessed in recent years. This can only be possible if the company puts measures in place to attract the customers so that they can buy its model brand. This will help to boost the sales of different vehicles to the targeted customers which also helps the company to generate more revenue in its operations. This will also improve its viability and sustainability in the long run. Customer retention strategies should also be implemented through offering product support services. When the customers have bought the vehicles offered by Fiat, the company should have a responsibility to offer follow up services to retain them. For example, Fiat holds regular telephonic interviews with owners and also receives different views from the buyers about what they expect from the company. This goes along with the aspect of creating loyalty among the targeted customers. This is the objective that should be considered by the company where it can implement loyalty programs so as to be in a position to create mutual trust with the customers. These programs can include free vehicle services to the customers that are deemed as loyal to the organisation. This strategy can also help the customers to attract other potential buyers which help the company to gain competitive advantage over other rival players in the sector. Marketing Mix Analysis Marketing mix involves the use of the following elements: product, price, place as well as promotion to design strategies that can be used by the company to attract customers for its offerings (Strydom, 2006). Fiat company should make concerted efforts to make sure that the product is designed in such a way that it appeals to the interests of the targeted customers. In other words, the company should strive to make sure that customer satisfaction is achieved from its operations. Product value should be enhanced so as to help the customers to identify with the product. In most cases, the targeted consumers are influenced to make decisions to buy a particular product as a result of its price. It is therefore imperative for Fiat Company to ensure that the prices of the vehicles offered to the customers in Brazil are reasonable and affordable. It is important for the company to make sure that the customers derive value for money by paying fair prices while at the same time deriving value from the vehicles purchased. The element of place is also very important in determining the marketing mix of the product offered by the company. In this particular case, it is imperative for Fiat Company to make sure that the vehicles it offers are readily available in the market. The customers usually do not enjoy a situation whereby they face numerous challenges to access a particular product in the market since this can deter them from purchasing it. The company should open distribution centers in major strategic places that can be easily accessed by many people. The element of promotion is also very important for the company since this can positively influence the customers to buy the vehicles it offers. Different forms of advertising should be utilised by the company in order to reach many customers as well as to raise their awareness about the brand offered by the company. The other promotional strategy is to offer price discounts on selected brands so as to attract new buyers. This will help the company t o gain competitive advantage since it can generate more revenue from increased sales of the products offered. Overall, this is one of the major objectives of the company to increase its sales following a recent decline that has been attributed to poor economic conditions obtaining in Brazil over the past three years. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be observed that Fiat Company needs to implement an effective marketing plan in a bid to increase its car sales in Brazil which have been affected by the recent negative performance of the countrys economy. As noted, the automobile industry in Brazil is characterised by competition since there are also other players with similar offerings. The other issue is that since the competitors are varied, it is imperative for the company to segment the market on the basis psychographic as well as income level factors since these mainly influence the buying behaviour of the consumers especially for products like cars. Effort should also be made to implement loyalty programs that are meant to retain the customers. This gives the company competitive advantage such that it can be in a better position to grab a large market share in this particular sector. Above all, the marketers within the company should take steps to constantly conduct market research so that they are awar e of the needs of the customers in order to design suitable products. References Cant, J. (2000), Introduction to marketing, CT: JUTA Fiat 2017. Official website. https://fiat.com/ Fiat 2017. Fiat our Legacy. https://www.fiatusa.com/en/fiat-nation/fiat-history/ Kotler, P. Armstrong, G. (2010). Principles of marketing. Cape Town, CT: Pearson. Kotler, P. Keller, K.L. (2006). Marketing Management, 12th Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Strydom, J. (2006). Marketing principles. CT: JUTA. The Brazil Business 2017, Top 20 Brazil car Brands. https://thebrazilbusiness.com/article/top-20-car-brands-in-brazil The International Trade Association, 2016. Brazil Automotive Industry. https://www.export.gov/article?id=Brazil-Automotive-Industry